Clinical Features of Fronto Temporal Dementia (FTD) and
Alzheimer's Disease (AD)
(information according to the Alzheimer's Association)
AGE OF ONSET:
FTD: 50-60's, rare after 75. Younger than AD. (Jim was in his early 30's)
AD: 70's and up. Increases markedly with age.
EARLY BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS:
FTD: Common. Often mistaken for a psychiatric disorder.
AD: Unusual, other than irritability, usually unchanged.
SOCIALLY INAPPROPRIATE BEHAVIORS:
FTD: Common early in course. Often mistaken for a psychiatric disorder.
AD: Not common early in course. Usually seen later in disease.
MEMORY IMPAIRMENT:
FTD: Less prominent in early course.
(Jim's short-term memory was less than 50% 1 yr ago. His long term memory is good.)
AD: Early and profound impairment.
LANGUAGE PROBLEMS:
FTD: May have early speech impairment (progressive nonfluent aphasia type) becoming mute.
(Jim has some impairment in voice projection and "slurring.")
AD: Usually associated with memory impairment (recall of names, words.) Speech affected later
in course.
VISUOSPATIAL DEFECT:
FTD: Rare in mild to moderately impaired person. (Jim can get us out of downtown better than GPS!)
AD: Common. Gets lost in familiar territory.
MOTOR SKILLS:
FTD: More common in FTD with motor neuron disease (ALS). (no explanation needed I think)
AD: Less common until late in course.
MOOD:
FTD: Marked irritability (Jim -check), loss of pleasure, difficulty understanding or describing emotions (check), euphoria, lack of guilt (check), apathetic (check), lack of empathy (check)
AD: Sadness, tears, loss of pleasure, apathy, guilt
PSYCHOTIC FEATURES:
FTD: Usually jealous, may have bizarre behaviors, obsessive/compulsive behaviors, rare persecutory delusions. (Jim has mild OCD tendencies)
AD: Usually have delusions of misidentification (not recognizing family) or persecutory. Usually occurring in middle or late stages.
Also, check out the FTD documentary "Planning for Hope."
http://www.planningforhope.com/ password: ftd2010
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